Qaidam Basin is located in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the formation and evolution of salt lakes in this region were not only reflects the local climate and environmental changes, but also record the characteristics of the global climate and environmental changes. The book is the summary of 30 years systematic research on the Qaidam Basin salt lakes. The book is divided into three parts, introduced geochronology of salt lakes sediment, the evolution of Qaidam Basin salt lakes, and Qaidam Basin ancient climate fluctuations in nearly 400 years.